Cause :In many cases, the cause is unknown. Cataracts usually occur in the elderly and can be lowered. Cataract formation is accelerated by environmental factors, such as smoking or other toxic materials.
Cataracts can be caused by:* Injury to the eye* Metabolic diseases (eg diabetes)* Certain medications (eg corticosteroids).
Kongenitalis cataract cataract is found in infants at birth (or some time later).Cataracts can kongenitalis is a hereditary disease (autosomal dominant inherited)
or can be caused by:- Congenital infections, such as German measles- In connection with metabolic diseases, such as galactosemia.Risk factor for cataract kongenitalis are:- An inherited metabolic disease- Family history of cataracts in- A viral infection in the mother when the baby is still in the womb.
Cataracts in adults is usually associated with the aging process.Cataracts in adults grouped into:
1. Immature cataract: a lens still has the clear2. Mature cataracts: the lens is completely opaque3. Hipermatur cataract: the surface of the lens there are already seeping through the lens capsule and may cause inflammation of other eye structures.
Most of the lens a bit murky after the age of 60 years. Most of the patients experienced similar changes in both eyes, although changes in one eye may be worse than the other eye.
Many people with cataracts who experience only mild vision problems and are unaware that they suffer from cataracts.
Factors affecting the occurrence of cataracts are:- Low blood calcium levels- Diabetes- Long-term use of corticosteroids- A variety of inflammatory diseases and metabolic diseases.- Environmental factors (trauma, radiation, ultraviolet light).
Symptoms :All rays entering the eye must first pass through the lens. Hence, each part lenses that block, deflect or spread the beam can cause vision problems. Severity of visual impairment depends on the location and maturity of the cataract.
Cataracts develop slowly and do not cause pain accompanied by visual disturbances that appear gradually.
Impaired vision can be:- Difficulty seeing at night- See the circle around the light or the light was blinding eye- Decrease in visual acuity (even in the daytime).
Other symptoms are:- Frequently changing eye glass- Double vision in one eye.
Sometimes cataract lens causing swelling and increased pressure inside the eye (glaucoma), which Bosa cause pain.
DiagnosisDiagnosis based on symptoms and results of eye examinations.
Diagnostic tests are commonly performed:* A standard eye examination, including slit lamp examination with* USG eye in preparation for cataract surgery.
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